can-j1939-install-kernel-module: convert to Unix line endings and remove trailing whitespace
Marc Kleine-Budde
parent
06561ac3dc
commit
24e0c520b6
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@ -1,180 +1,180 @@
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# can-j1939 kernel module installation #
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### Problem
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You already have **can0** or **vcan0** up and working, **can-utils** downloaded and compiled to **~/can/can-utils** and you can send and receive frames without problems. However, when you want to bring up **can-j1939** you get error like this:
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```bash
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avra@vm-debian:~/can/can-utils$ sudo modprobe can-j1939
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modprobe: FATAL: Module can-j1939 not found in directory /lib/modules/5.7.0.0.bpo.2-amd64
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```
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and also this:
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```bash
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avra@vm-debian:~/can/can-utils$ testj1939
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testj1939: socket(j1939): Protocol not supported
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```
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### Solution
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Above errors mean that **can-j1939** was not enabled in your kernel and you need to compile it manually. There are several ways to do it. Any Linux kernel since 5.4 has **can-j1939** module, but you will probably want to install fresher version, which leads to downloading kernel sources, enabling **can-j1939** module, recompiling kernel and installing it. I will be using Debian 10.5 x64 (buster testing) virtual machine.
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#### 1. Download kernel source ####
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We will download Debian patched kernel 5.8. First update your sources
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```
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avra@vm-debian:~$ sudo apt update
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```
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and then look at available Debian patched kernel source packages
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```
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avra@vm-debian:~$ apt-cache search linux-source
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linux-source-4.19 - Linux kernel source for version 4.19 with Debian patches
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linux-source - Linux kernel source (meta-package)
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linux-source-5.4 - Linux kernel source for version 5.4 with Debian patches
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linux-source-5.5 - Linux kernel source for version 5.5 with Debian patches
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linux-source-5.6 - Linux kernel source for version 5.6 with Debian patches
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linux-source-5.7 - Linux kernel source for version 5.7 with Debian patches
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linux-source-5.8 - Linux kernel source for version 5.8 with Debian patches
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```
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If kernel 5.8 does not show in your linux-sources list (it shows above in mine since I have already upgraded stock 4.19 kernel to backported 5.7), then you will need to add backports to your sources list. It is best to do it like this
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```
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echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-backports.list
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```
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Alternatively, or in case you have problems with installation of some packages, or you just want to have everything in a single list, here is what my **/etc/apt/sources.list** looks like (you will need to append at least last line to yours)
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```
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deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib
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deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib
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deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
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deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
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deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib
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```
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After adding backports in one way or another, try **sudo apt update** again, and after that **apt-cache search linux-source** should show kernel 5.8 in the list, so you can install it's source package
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```
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sudo apt install linux-source-5.8
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```
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and unpack it
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```
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avra@vm-debian:~$ cd /usr/src
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src$ sudo tar -xaf linux-source-5.8.tar.xz
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src$ cd linux-source-5.8
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```
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#### 2. Add can-j1939 module to kernel ####
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First we need some packages for **menuconfig**
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```
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sudo apt-get install libncurses5 libncurses5-dev
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```
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copy and use our old configuration to run **menuconfig**
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```
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo cp /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make menuconfig
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```
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where we enable SAE J1939 kernel module as shown
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```
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- Networking Support
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- Can bus subsystem support
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- <M> SAE J1939
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```
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Now edit **/usr/src/linux-source-5.8/.config**, find CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS, change it as following
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```
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CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS=""
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```
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and save the file.
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#### 3. Compile and install kernel and modules
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We will have to download necessary packages
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```
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sudo apt install build-essential libssl-dev libelf-dev bison flex
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```
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compile kernel (using threads to make it faster)
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```
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make -j $(nproc)
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```
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install
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```
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make modules_install
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make install
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```
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and update grub
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```
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo update-grub
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo reboot
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```
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Check if installation is correct with
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```
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sudo modprobe can-j1939
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```
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and if you get no error then you can enjoy **can-j1939**. If you get some error then you might check if this alternative command works:
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```
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sudo insmod /lib/modules/5.8.10/kernel/net/can/j1939/can-j1939.ko
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```
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If it does then all you need to do is
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```
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sudo depmod -av
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```
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reboot once, and **modprobe** command from the above should finally work.
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#### 4. Install headers if needed
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You might have a problem with headers not being updated. To check that open file **/usr/include/linux/can.h** with
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```
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nano /usr/include/linux/can.h
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```
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If in the struct **sockaddr_can** you don’t see **j1939**, then header files did not upgrade and you need to do it manually
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```
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sudo cp /usr/src/linux-source-5.8/include/uapi/linux/can.h /usr/include/linux/can.h
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sudo cp /usr/src/linux-source-5.8/include/uapi/linux/can/j1939.h /usr/include/linux/can/
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```
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That is the minimum for compiling some **J1939** C code, but you might want to upgrade other header files as well. That's up to you. Enjoy!
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# can-j1939 kernel module installation #
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### Problem
|
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||||
You already have **can0** or **vcan0** up and working, **can-utils** downloaded and compiled to **~/can/can-utils** and you can send and receive frames without problems. However, when you want to bring up **can-j1939** you get error like this:
|
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```bash
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avra@vm-debian:~/can/can-utils$ sudo modprobe can-j1939
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modprobe: FATAL: Module can-j1939 not found in directory /lib/modules/5.7.0.0.bpo.2-amd64
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```
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and also this:
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```bash
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avra@vm-debian:~/can/can-utils$ testj1939
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testj1939: socket(j1939): Protocol not supported
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```
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### Solution
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Above errors mean that **can-j1939** was not enabled in your kernel and you need to compile it manually. There are several ways to do it. Any Linux kernel since 5.4 has **can-j1939** module, but you will probably want to install fresher version, which leads to downloading kernel sources, enabling **can-j1939** module, recompiling kernel and installing it. I will be using Debian 10.5 x64 (buster testing) virtual machine.
|
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|
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#### 1. Download kernel source ####
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We will download Debian patched kernel 5.8. First update your sources
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```
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avra@vm-debian:~$ sudo apt update
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```
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and then look at available Debian patched kernel source packages
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```
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avra@vm-debian:~$ apt-cache search linux-source
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linux-source-4.19 - Linux kernel source for version 4.19 with Debian patches
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linux-source - Linux kernel source (meta-package)
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linux-source-5.4 - Linux kernel source for version 5.4 with Debian patches
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linux-source-5.5 - Linux kernel source for version 5.5 with Debian patches
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linux-source-5.6 - Linux kernel source for version 5.6 with Debian patches
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linux-source-5.7 - Linux kernel source for version 5.7 with Debian patches
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linux-source-5.8 - Linux kernel source for version 5.8 with Debian patches
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```
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If kernel 5.8 does not show in your linux-sources list (it shows above in mine since I have already upgraded stock 4.19 kernel to backported 5.7), then you will need to add backports to your sources list. It is best to do it like this
|
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|
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```
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echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-backports.list
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```
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|
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Alternatively, or in case you have problems with installation of some packages, or you just want to have everything in a single list, here is what my **/etc/apt/sources.list** looks like (you will need to append at least last line to yours)
|
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|
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```
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deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib
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deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib
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deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
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deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
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deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib
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```
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After adding backports in one way or another, try **sudo apt update** again, and after that **apt-cache search linux-source** should show kernel 5.8 in the list, so you can install it's source package
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```
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sudo apt install linux-source-5.8
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```
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and unpack it
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```
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avra@vm-debian:~$ cd /usr/src
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src$ sudo tar -xaf linux-source-5.8.tar.xz
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src$ cd linux-source-5.8
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```
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#### 2. Add can-j1939 module to kernel ####
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First we need some packages for **menuconfig**
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```
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sudo apt-get install libncurses5 libncurses5-dev
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```
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copy and use our old configuration to run **menuconfig**
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```
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo cp /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make menuconfig
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```
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where we enable SAE J1939 kernel module as shown
|
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```
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- Networking Support
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- Can bus subsystem support
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- <M> SAE J1939
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```
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||||
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Now edit **/usr/src/linux-source-5.8/.config**, find CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS, change it as following
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```
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CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS=""
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```
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and save the file.
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#### 3. Compile and install kernel and modules
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We will have to download necessary packages
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```
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sudo apt install build-essential libssl-dev libelf-dev bison flex
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||||
```
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||||
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compile kernel (using threads to make it faster)
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```
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make -j $(nproc)
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```
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install
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```
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make modules_install
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make install
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```
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and update grub
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```
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo update-grub
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avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo reboot
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```
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Check if installation is correct with
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```
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sudo modprobe can-j1939
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```
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||||
|
||||
and if you get no error then you can enjoy **can-j1939**. If you get some error then you might check if this alternative command works:
|
||||
|
||||
```
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||||
sudo insmod /lib/modules/5.8.10/kernel/net/can/j1939/can-j1939.ko
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||||
```
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||||
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If it does then all you need to do is
|
||||
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||||
```
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sudo depmod -av
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||||
```
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||||
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||||
reboot once, and **modprobe** command from the above should finally work.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
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#### 4. Install headers if needed
|
||||
|
||||
You might have a problem with headers not being updated. To check that open file **/usr/include/linux/can.h** with
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||||
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```
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nano /usr/include/linux/can.h
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```
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If in the struct **sockaddr_can** you don’t see **j1939**, then header files did not upgrade and you need to do it manually
|
||||
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```
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sudo cp /usr/src/linux-source-5.8/include/uapi/linux/can.h /usr/include/linux/can.h
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sudo cp /usr/src/linux-source-5.8/include/uapi/linux/can/j1939.h /usr/include/linux/can/
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```
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That is the minimum for compiling some **J1939** C code, but you might want to upgrade other header files as well. That's up to you. Enjoy!
|
||||
|
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|||
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